Revista Digital de Posgrado

Differences in academic performance based on emotions in mathematics classes

Nelly Rigaud Téllez — 2024-10-16

The use of technologies to analyze facial expressions for emotion recognition and performance enhancement in education is widespread. The aim is to gain deeper insights into mathematical learning within this context, especially Analytical Geometry, integrating emotions and academic achievement. To achieve this, the study employs the Control- Value Theory and the Affective Framework for Learning as theoretical frameworks. A study involving 95 students was conducted, recording their facial expressions, and extracting emotions, alongside objective and subjective performance metrics. The findings reveal that high-performing students exhibit more emotional variability than their low-performing counterparts in objective assessment, whereas the latter express greater confidence in their abilities in subjective evaluations. The study concludes with recommendations for improving mathematical learning based on these insights.

Climate justice: progress and setbacks

Salvador Rosas Barrera — 2024-10-16

The unfair distribution of the burdens and benefits derived from the exploitation of nature, including the capabilities of the atmosphere, has given rise to important protest movements that fight to compensate for the historical evils caused by developed countries linked to climate change. Given this, multilateralism seemed to be a viable alternative to achieve so-called climate justice. The results, however, have been slow to arrive due to the influence of economic and political power within these organizations, the direction and strength of international agreements to materialize. Despite this, small steps are being observed towards the integration of climate justice in the discourse, through concrete initiatives and the financing of actions in countries of the global south. Although such advances may generate suspicion, it is a difficult path that must nevertheless be followed. With this idea in mind, the objective of this paper is to explore the power relations that occur between governments within international organizations and the influence of political and economic power on decision-making within these organizations, as well as the operation of various evasive mechanisms of climate responsibility by the most developed countries.

Disability and gender: the intersectionality of indigenous women

Marisol Casas Olivera — 2024-10-16

Reality is constantly changing, due to various factors, political, economic, social, cultural and educational, and it affects multicultural countries like Mexico, which is home to 68 native languages, plus their variants, and whose speakers have their own ways of thinking, being and being in the universe. However, the legal framework is insufficient to meet the demands of people with disabilities belonging to these groups, especially indigenous women with this condition, whom are more vulnerable and therefore experience more challenges. Therefore, in this paper, three catego-ries intersected by notions of gender, culture and society are intertwined in the voice of Constanza, who makes her feelings, thoughts and actions visible. Through her narrative, she brings us closer to the senses and meanings constructed by an Ayuujk woman with a visual disability, who has experienced discrimination on her way due to her physical, social and cultural condition in an exclusive society that only validates the uniform.

Homologation of the term person in the Mexican legal system

Sandra Kristel Vargas Juárez — 2024-10-16

The term person is essential n the Mexican legal system, because it establishes who the recipients of legal norms are (holders of rights and obligations); therefore, its homologation would provide legal certainty regarding the application of the law, overcoming the barriers of inequality resulting from the customs and practices of the diverse communities existing in our Mexican Republic, in this way, the human rights of the governed would be truly recognized. The purpose of this review is to identify the elements that circumscribe this term in our legal system and the way in which the sources of law have referred to the person.

The construction of the reality: the power groups and their influence on crime in Mexico

Ana María Gutiérrez Domínguez — 2024-10-16

This paper postulates that in Mexico today, government representatives and media owners have the power to manipulate the mexican populations perception of reality. In that sense, it is analyzed how these people and groups with power can create crime and decide who is criminalized when legislating, through the exercise of criminal action whose monopoly is held by the prosecutor›s offices dependent on the executive branch; through judicial decisions and using the mass media. In this way, under the fiction that the State represents the interests of all, the administration of justice is carried out in a selective and inequitable manner and the media show and dictate what people should believe. The paper concludes that the instruments to confront distortions of perception and to get closer to reality are scientific knowledge and critical thinking, although a large part of the mexican population is becoming less interested in these, without realizing that democracy is being undermined.

Preventive detention in Mexico: penitentiary crisis and systematic violation of human rights

Raúl Javier Buenrostro Briseño — 2024-10-16

In this essay, it is analyzed how the legislative intensification of the catalog of crimes in Mexico has become a repressive strategy that does not address the underlying problem; and how the application of preventive detention, far from being a solution, has increased and is accompanied by multiple human rights violations, particularly against those belonging to vulnerable groups, leading to long-term psychological and physical harm. Additionally, the essay examines the role, intervention, and a landmark ruling by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, which urged the Mexican state to reform its legislation and eliminate this punitive measure, setting precedents for a shift toward more efficient and rights respecting approaches.

Violations of Fundamental Rights to the imposition of automatic pre-trial detention

Wendy Rubi Trejo Constantino — 2024-10-16

This essay analyzes the characteristics of automatic pre-trial detention, the most harmful precautionary measure within the Mexican legal framework. Arguments are presented that demonstrate violations of the human rights of the accused, both due to procedural circumstances and the practices that surround it. It is argued that the automatic nature of pre-trial detention violates the very nature of precautionary measures, and can be considered as an anticipatory punishment. Therefore, it is proposed to review the relevance of eliminating automatic pre-trial detention from the Mexican legal framework, preserving imprisonment as a precautionary measure only in justified cases.

Recintos y ajuar eclesiástico entre Chiapas y Guatemala. Una mirada documental diocesana a los Zendales y la Guardianía de Huitiupán

Nelly Sigaut — 2024-10-16

It is a collection of images and an extensive investigation of texts obtained from Fondo Diocesano del Archivo Historico Diocesano de San Cristóbal de las Casas.

Territorios violados. Indios, Medio ambiente y desarrollo en América Latina

Benjamín Maldonado Alvarado — 2024-10-16

Result of an investigation carried out at the beginning of the 1990s, the problem that exists today is still in force. A strong criticism of extractivism, due to the cruelty and knowledge of ecological conservation in indigenous territories of Brazil and the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.

Nota editorial

María Elena Valdez Sandoval — 2024-10-16

"RDP Revista Digital de Posgrado", en su número 10, comprometida con la comunidad científica y académica, ofrece artículos y ensayos con tópicos en los que hace un llamado a la sociedad y al papel que está jugando a nivel mundial en particular en la defensa de los derechos humanos de las personas en México y en el mundo, así como a la concientización por los letales efectos del cambio climático. Está presente la conmemoración del Día de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, 24 de octubre, recordemos que se creó para salvaguardar nuestros derechos humanos y su igualdad ante cualquier acto contrario a ello. La sección Artículos ofrece cinco participaciones, el primero es “Diferencias de desempeño académico con base en emociones en clases de matemáticas". El segundo título “Justicia climática: avances y retrocesos”. La tercera contribución es “Discriminación y género: la interseccionalidad de la mujer indígena”. La cuarta aportación "Homologación del término Persona en el ordenamiento jurídico mexicano", y cerramos con “La construcción de la realidad: grupos de poder y su influencia en la criminalidad en México”. En la sección Ensayos se publican dos reflexiones de Derecho relacionadas por la prisión preventiva oficiosa, tópico analizado por expertos de la jurisprudencia mexicana, por organizaciones de la sociedad civil y de organismos internacionales, debido a la preocupación por la alta vulnerabilidad de los derechos humanos de las personas en nuestro país. El primer ensayo, “Prisión preventiva en México: crisis penitenciaria y violación sistemática de derechos humanos” texto ganador del primer lugar del concurso de ensayo convocado en octubre de 2023, por el Programa de Posgrado en Derecho de esta Facultad. Y el segundo ensayo, “Vulneración de derechos fundamentales por la imposición de prisión preventiva oficiosa”. En la sección Reseñas bibliográficas recomendamos Recintos y ajuar eclesiástico entre Chiapas y Guatemala. Una mirada documental diocesana a los Zendales y la Guardianía de Huitiupán. Una obra esencial para todo investigador de la historia de Guatemala y México (Chiapas), obra galardonada por el Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH) con el Premio Antonio García Cubas 2024, en la categoría de obra científica. Y nuestra segunda reseña es Territorios violados. Indios, Medio ambiente y desarrollo en América Latina.