Sector evolution and trends regional FDI in México (2012-2023)

Abstract

Par excellence, Mexico is a net recipient of foreign direct investment since its change in its economic development model in the mid-1980s. This made it the final link in a global chain of economic activities and inserted it into the dynamic productive in the North American market. However, not all regions of the country were included in the hemispheric strategy, which is why the model resulted in development inequalities. The aim of this paper is to describe, by sectors and regions, the growth and evolution of foreign direct investment from a decade ago to 2023. To do this, a general methodology is used that measures the growth rates and proportions by sectors and regions receiving foreign direct investment in Mexico, to then infer, through a focus on structural change (shift and share) and location coefficients (productive specialization), favorable sectoral and regional trends for the immediate future in a context. The source of foreign investment information is the Secretaría de Economía del Gobierno Federal de México, and the 2014 and 2019 economic censuses of the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) are taken to validate 
sectoral and regional structural specialization.